Physiology of Pharbitis nil
Cover Top E-mail
Physiology of flowering in Pharbitis nil
 　　by Kiyotoshi Wada, Niigata University (2003)
Bibliography on flowering physiology of Pharbitis nil

　　References on physiology of flowering in Pharbitis nil are listed here as many as possible. Many review articles on flowering have been published, and some of them focus on the flowering of P. nil. The most important two are "Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil" edited by Shun-ichiro Imamura and published in 1967 from the Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, and "Pharbitis nil" written by Daphne Vince-Prue and Jonathan Gressela as a chapter of "Handbook of Flowering, vol. IV" edited by Abraham H. Halevy and published in 1985 from CRC Press. In these two review articles, the knowledge on flowering physiology of P. nil in those days were reviewed in detail and many references are cited. Accordingly, here, the list of the references are classified into three periods, 1) before "Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil" (1966), 2) between "Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil" and "Pharbitis nil" (1967〜1984), and 3)after "Pharbitis nil" (1985).
　　Taxonomically, it has not yet been concluded whether the Japanese morning glory should be included in the genus of Pharbitis and Ipomoea. Therefore, Pharbitis nil and Ipomoea nil have been used as the scientific name of Japanese morning glory. However, the majority of plant physiologists, especilly flowering physiologists, use the name Pharbitis nil and therefore almost all the papers listed here used Pharbitis nil .

1) before 1966
2) 1967〜1984
3） after 1985
Before １９６６

Asanuma,Y. 1934. On the influence of daylength on growth and flowering of Pharbitis nil. Kyoto Imperial Univ., Hort. Reports 1:206-233. (in Japanese).

Bennett,R.D., S.-T.Ko and E.Heftmann. 1966. Effect of photoperiodic floral induction on the metabolism of a gibberellin precursor, (-)-kaurene, in Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 41: 1360-1363.

Bonner,J., E.Heftmann and J.A.D.Zeevaart. 1963. Suppression of floral induction by inhibitors of steroid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 38:81-88.

Borthwick,H.A., S.Nakayama and S.B.Hendricks. 1961. Failure of reversibility of photoreaction controlling plant growth. in: Progress in Photobiology, Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam, pp.394-398.

Butenko,R.G. and M.Kh.Chailakhyan. 1961. Effect of nucleic acid derivatives on growth and flowering of Ipomoea (Pharbitis nil Chois.). Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 141:1239-1242. (in Russia).

Eguchi,T. 1937. Effects of day-length upon the time of differentiation of flower bud and the subsequent development to flowring. Proc. Imperial Acad. 13:332-333.

El-Antably,H.M.M. and P.F.Wareing. 1966. Stimulation of flowering in certain short-day plants by abscisin. Nature 210:328-329.

Fredericq,H. 1964. Conditions determining effects of far-rad and red irradiations on flowering response of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 39:812-816.

Galun,E., J.Gressel and A.Keyman. 1964. Suppression of floral induction by actinomycin D an inhibitor of "messenger" RNA synthesis. Life Science 3:911-915.

Gifford,E.M.,Jr. 1963. Developmental studies of vegetative and floral meristems. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 16:126-137.

Hamner,K.C. and A.Takimoto. 1964. Circadian rhythmus and plant photoperiodism. Amer. Naturalist 98:295-322.

Harada,H. 1962. Rev. Gen. Bot. 69: 201.

Healey,P.L. and W.A.Jensen. 1965. Changes in ultrastructure and histochemistry acompanying floral induction in the shoot apex of Pharbitis. Amer. J. Bot. 52:622.

Ikeda,K. 1965. Uber den Einfluss der Temperature auf die Blutenbildung von Pharbitis nil Chois., einer Kurztagpflanzen. Bull. Fac. Agr., Mie Univ. 31:1-36.

Imamura,S. 1953a. Photoperiodic initiation of flower primordia in Japanese morning glory, Pharbitis nil Chois. Proc. Jap. Acad. 29:368-373.

Imamura,S. 1953b. Flowering of Japanese morning glory, Pharbitis nil. Rep. Kihara Inst. Biol. Res. No. 6:97-100. (in Japanese).

Imamura,S. 1961. The nature of inhibition of flowering by the leaves illuminated continuously during the inductive dark treatment of other leaves in short-day plants. in: Recent advances in botany. Univ. Toronto Press, pp.1287-1288.

Imamura,S., M.Muramatsu, S.I.Kitajo and A.Takimoto. 1966. Varietal difference in photoperiodic behavior of Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 79:714-721.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1955a. Photoperiodic responses in Japanese morning glory, Pharbitis Nil Chois., a sensitive short day plant. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 68:235-241.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1955b. Transmission rate of photoperiodic stimulus in Pharbitis Nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 68:260-266.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1956a. Transmission rate of the photoperiodic stimulus across the graft union in Pharbitis Nil Chois. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 69:23-29.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1956b. Flowering responses in Pharbitis Nil as influenced by the removal of photoperiodiacally induced leaves. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 69:289-297.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1956c. Flowering responses in Pharbitis Nil in relation to the leaf area subjected to inductive photoperiod. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 69:353-358.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1957a. Effect of ringing and incision given to the stem on the transmission of photoperiodic stimulus in Pharbitis Nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 70:13-16.

Imamura,S. and A.Takimoto. 1957b. Decrement of photoperiodic stimulus in transmission in Pharbitis Nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 70:53-57.

Imamura,S., A.Takimoto and M.Okuda. 1953. Effect of dark treatment, given to different parts of a leaf, upon flowering responses in Pharbitis Nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 71:254-260.

Ito,I. 1951. Uber die Vererbung des photoperiodischen Verhaltens von Pharbitis nil (vorlaufige Mitteilung). Sci. Rep. Saikyo Univ. Agr. 1:1-6.

Kadman-Zahavi,A. 1963. Effects of light, kinetin and gibberellic acid on flower initiation in Pharbitis nil Chois. Bull. Res. Counc. Israel 11D:191-197.

Kimura,K. 1963. Floral initiation in Pharbitis nil subjected to continuous illumination at relatively low temperatures. II. Effect of some factors in culture medium on floral initiation. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 76:351-358.

Kimura,K. 1964. Floral initiation in Pharbitis nil subjected to continuous illumination at relatively low temperatures. III. Effect of intensity and quality of light. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 77:115-121.

Kimura,K. 1965. Floral initiation of Pharbitis nil at low temperatures. Ber. Ohara Inst. Landwirt. Biol. Okayama Univ. 13: 39-88.

Kimura,K. and A.Takimoto. 1963. Floral initiation in Pharbitis nil subjected to continuous illuminaiton at relatively low temperatures I. Effect of various temperatures. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 76:67-73.

Konishi,M. and A.W.Galston. 1964. Light-induced changes in phenolic inhibitors of indoleacetic acid oxidase in cotyledons of Pharbitis nil. Phytochemistry 3:559-568.

Kujirai,C. and S.Imamura. 1958. Uber die photoperiodische Empfindlichkeit der Kotyledonen von Pharbitis Nil Chois. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 71: 408-416.

Marushige,K. and Y.Marushige. 1962a. An electrophoretic study of tissue extracts from leaf and flower in Pharbitis nil Chois. Plant Cell Physiol. 3:319-322.

Marushige,K. and Y.Marushige. 1962b. Effect of 8-azaguanine, thiouracil and ethionine on floral initiation and vegetative development in seedlings of Pharbitis nil Chois. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 75:270-272.

Marushige,K. and Y.Marushige. 1963a. Photoperiodic sensitivity of Pharbitis nil seedlings of different ages in special reference to growth patterns. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 76:92-99.

Marushige,K. and Y.Marushige. 1963b. Photoperiodic sensitivity with respect to metabolic patterns of cotyledons in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 76:142-148.

Marushige,K. and Y.Marushige. 1963c. Changes in the growth and photoperiodic sensitivity of Pharbitis nil seedlings in relation to low intensity light. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 76:181-190.

Marushige,K. and Y.Marushige. 1966. Effects of light on appearance of photoperiodic sensitivity of etiolated Pharbitis nil seedlings. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 79:397-403.

Marushige,Y. 1965a. Ontogeny of the vegetative and the reproductive apices in Pharbitis nil Chois. I. Development of the vegetative apex. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 78:353-359.

Marushige,Y. 1965b. Ontogeny of the vegetative and the reproductive apices in Pharbitis nil Chois. II. Development of the terminal flower bud. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 78:397-406.

Marushige,Y. 1965c. Ontogeny of the vegetative and the reproductive apices in Pharbitis nil Chois. III. Development of axillary buds. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 78:407-411.

Mathon,C.C. 1963. Reactions au photoperiodisme de quelques Convolvulacees. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 110:261-268.

Mathon,C.C. and M.Stroun. 1962. Mise a fleur en jour continue et changement du type de reaction photoperiodique en fonction de la qualite et du niveau de l'eclairement chez le Pharbitis nil Chois. Compt. rend, seance Soc. Biol. 254:1478-1480.

Mathon,C.C., M.Stroun, F.Grossin, J.Gaillochet and A.Gandrieau. 1962. Variation des types de reactions photoperiodiques. C.R.87e Congres des Sosietes savantes. pp.1081-1090.

Muramatsu,M. and S.Sakamoto. 1956. Morning-glories. in: Land and Crops of Nepal Himalaya. ed. by H.Kihara, Fauna and Flora Res. Soc. Kypto Univ., Kyoto, pp.193-212.

Nakayama,S. 1948. Experiments of flowering (2). Seitaigaku Kenkyu 11:188-192. (in Japanese).

Nakayama,S. 1949. Experiments of flowering (1). Seitaigaku Kenkyu 12:48-52. (in Japanese).

Nakayama,S. 1951. Experiments of flowering (3). Seitaigaku Kenkyu 1:13-17. (in Japanese).

Nakayama,S. 1953. Experimental studies on photoperiodism (2). Analysis of dark reactionn mechansim by high temperature break. Shokubutu Seitaigaku Kaihou 3:95-107. (in Japanese).

Nakayama,S. 1954. Experimental studies on photoperiodism (3). The relationship between partial high temperature treatment and flowering. Shokubutu Seitaigaku Kaihou 3:167-173. (in Japanese).

Nakayama,S. 1955. The effects of certain metabolic inhibitors on the dark reaction during photoperiodic treatment. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 68:61-62.

Nakayama,S. 1958a. Photoreversible control of flowering at the start of inductive dark period in Pharbitis nil. Ecol. Rev. Sendai, Japan 14:325-326.

Nakayama,S. 1958b. Studies on the dark process in the photoperiodic response of Pharbitis seedlngs. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. Ser, IV Biol. 24:137-183.

Nakayama,S. 1961. Effects of certain metabolic inhibitors and metabolites upon the dark process in the photoperiodic response of Pharbitis. Recent Advances in Botany, Toronto Univ. Press, Toronto, p.1242.

Nakayama,S. 1965. Photoreactivation of flowering inhibited with ultraviolet radiation. Bull. Minamikyushu College 1:1-5.

Nakayama,S., H.A.Borthwick and S.B.Hendricks. 1960. Failure of photoreversible control of flowering in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Gaz. 121:237-243.

Nakayama,S., O.Fukamizu and I.Sei. 1957. Experimental researches on photoperiodism (6). Photoperiodic responses of Pharbitis seedlings to the metabolic inhibitors. Mem. Fac. Lib. Arts and Educ. Miyazaki Univ. 1:97-102.

Nakayama,S. and T.Kikuchi. 1956. Experimental researches on photoperiodism (4). The effect of auxin application on flower formation. Miyazaki Univ. Bull. 1:154-165. (in Japanese)

Nakayama,S. and Y.Morishita. 1956. Experimental researches on photoperiodism (5). The effect of chloroform on the dark period reaction. Miyazaki Univ. Bull. 1:166-172. (in Japanese)

Nakayama,S., H.Tobita and F.S.Okumura. 1962. Antagonism of kinetin and far-red light or β-indoleacetic acid in the flowering of Pharbitis seedlings. Phyton 19:43-48.

Ogawa,Y. 1960. Uber die Auslosung der Blutenbildung von Pharbitis nil durch niedere Temperatur. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 73: 334-335.

Ogawa,Y. 1961a. Uber die Wirkung des Gibberellins auf die Blutenbildung von Pharbitis nil Chois. Plant Cell Physiol. 2:311-329.

Ogawa,Y. 1961b. Uber die Wirkung von Kinetin auf die Blutenbildung von Pharbitis nil Chois. Plant Cell Physiol. 2:343-359.

Ogawa,Y. 1962a. Weitere Untersuchungen uber die Wirkung von gibberellin-ahnlichen Substanzen auf die Blutenbildung von Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 3:5-21.

Ogawa,Y. 1962b. Uber die photoperiodische Empfindlichkeit der Keimpflanzen von Pharbitis nil Chois. mit besonderer Berucksichtigung auf den Wuchsstoffgehalt der Kotyledonen. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 75:92-101.

Ogawa,Y. 1964. Changes in the amount of gibberellin-like subsatances in the seedling of Pharbitis nil with special reference to expansion of cotyledon. Plant Cell Physiol. 5:11-20.

Ogawa,Y. 1965. Changes in the content of gibberellin-like substances of seeds and seedlings in the tall and dwarf varieties of Pharbitis nil Chois. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 78:474-480.

Ogawa,Y. and S.Imamura. 1958a. Uber die fordernde Wirkung von Gibberellin auf die Bluttenbildung einer Kurztagpflanze, Pharbitis nil Chois. Proc. Japan. Acad. 34:629-630.

Ogawa,Y. and S.Imamura. 1958b. Uber die fordernde Wirkung von Samendiffusat auf die Bluttenbildung von Pharbitis nil Chois. Proc. Japan. Acad. 34:631-632.

Ogawa,Y. and S.Imamura. 1960. Uber die Wirkung der Pflanzendiffusate auf die Streckung des Sprosses und die Blutenbildung von Pharbitis nil Chois. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 73: 125-132.

Okuda,M. 1959. Responses of Pharbitis Nil Chois. to gibberellin with special reference to anatomical features. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 72:443-449.

Sakamoto,S. 1956. Genetics of the photoperiodic behavior of Japanese morning glory, Pharbitis nil Chois., a short-day plant. Ann. Rep. Natl. Inst. Genetics 6:68-69.

Takeba,G. and A.Takimoto. 1966. Translocation of the floral stimulus in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 79:811-814.

Takimoto,A. 1960. Effect of sucrose on flower initiation of Pharbitis nil in aseptic culture. Plant Cell Physiol. 1: 241-246.

Takimoto,A. 1961. On the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 2:71-75.

Takimoto,A. 1966. Timing mechanism determining the critical dark period in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 79:474-475.

Takimoto,A. and K.C.Hamner. 1964. Effect of temperature and precondtioning on photoperiodic response of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 39: 1024-1030.

Takimoto,A. and K.C.Hamner. 1965a. Studies on red light interruption in relation to timing mechanism involved in the photoperiodic response of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 40: 852-854.

Takimoto,A. and K.C.Hamner. 1965b. Effect of double red interruption on the photoperiodic response of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 40: 855-858.

Takimoto,A. and K.C.Hamner. 1965c. Effect of far-red light and its interaction with red light in the photoperiodic response of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 40: 859-864.

Takimoto,A. and K.C.Hamner. 1965d. Kinetic studies on pigment systems concerned with the photoperiodic reponse in Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 40: 865-872.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1959a. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. I. Intensity and quality of the light preceding the inductive dark period. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 72:137-145.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1959b. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. II. Effect of far-red light preceding the inductive dark period. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 72:181-189.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1959c. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. III. Light-sensitivity of the first process of inductive dark period. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 72:388-396.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1960a. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. IV. Further studies on the light preceding the inductive dark period. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 73:37-43.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1960b. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. V. On the light following the inductive dark period. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 73:91-97.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1960c. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. VI. Effect of natural twilight. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 73:175-181.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1960d. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. VII. Light-break. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 73:341-347.

Takimoto,A. and K.Ikeda. 1960e. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. VIII. Light-srnsitivity of the inductive dark process. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 73:468-473.

Takimoto,A., K.Ikeda and S.Imamura. 1958. Uber den lichtunempfindlichen Teilprozess in der bluhinduzierenden Dunkelperiode bei Pharbitis Nil (Vorlaufige Mitteilung). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 71:317-318.

Takimoto,A. and Y.Naito. 1962a. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. IX. Further studies on the effect of far-red preceding the inductive dark period. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 75:205-211.

Takimoto,A. and Y.Naito. 1962b. Studies on the light controlling flower initiation of Pharbitis nil. X. Photoperiodic responses of the seedlings grown under various light conditions. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 75:255-263.

Takimoto,A., Y.Tashima and S.Imamura. 1960. Effect of temperature on flower initiation of Pharbitis nil cultured in vitro. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 73: 377.

Tashima,Y, and S.Imamura. 1953. Flower initiation in total darkness in Pharbitis nil Chois., a short day plant. Proc. Japan. Acad. 29: 581-585.

Wada,K. 1962. Inhibition of flower initiation of Pharbitis nil by gamma-irradiation (Preliminary report). Bot. Mag. Tokyo 75:483-484.

Wada,K. 1966. Studies on the initiation and development of flower primordia of Pharbitis nil, with special reference to the time of arrival of flowering stimulus at plumule. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 1:83-89.

Yoshii,Y. 1925. Uber die Reifunugsvorgange des Pharbitis-Samens mit besonderer Rucksicht auf die Keimungsfahigkeit des unreifen Samens. J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo III-1:1-139.

Yoshii,Y. 1927. Some preliminary studies of the influence upon plants of the relative length of day and night. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. 4th Ser. 2:143-157.

Yoshii,Y. and S.Nakayama. 1947. Experiments of flowering. Seitaigaku Kenkyu 10:18-27. (in Japanese).

Zeevaart,J.A.D. 1962. DNA multiplication as a requirement for expression of floral stimulus in Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 37: 296-304.

Zeevaart,J.A.D. 1963. Climatic control of reproductive development. in: Environmental Control of Plant Growth, ed. by L.T.Evans, Academic Press, New York, pp.289-310.

Zeevaart,J.A.D. 1964a. Chemical basis of induction. in: The nucleohistones, eds. by J.Bonner and P.O.P.Ts'o, Holden-Day, San Francisco, pp.343-347.

Zeevaart,J.A.D. 1964b. Effects of the growth retardant CCC on floral initiation and growth in Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 39:402-408.

Zeevaart,J.A.D. 1966a. Reduction of the gibberellin content of Pharbitis seeds by CCC and after-effects in the progeny. Plant Physiol. 41:856-862.

Zeevaart,J.A.D. 1966b. Inhibition of stem growth and flower formation in Pharbitis nil with N,N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (B995). Planta 71:68-80.

１９６７〜１９８４

Arzee,R., J.Gressel and E.Galun. 1970. Flowering in Pharbitis. The influence of actinomycin on growth, incorporation of nucleic acid precursors and autoradiographic patterns. in: ed. G.Bernier, Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Floral Induction. Longman, London. pp.93-107.

Arzee,T., A.Zilberstein and J.Gressel. 1975. Immediate intraplumular distribution of macromolecular syntheses following floral induction in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 16: 505-511.

Aspinall,D. and I.Husain. 1970. The inhibition of flowering by water stress. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 23: 925-936.

Bernier,G. 1971. Structural and metabolic changes in the shoot apex in transition to flowering. Can. J. Bot. 49: 803-819.

Bhar,D.S. 1970. In vitro studies of floral shoot apices of Pharbitis nil. Can. J. Bot. 48: 1355-1358.

Blondon,F. and H.Harada. 1972. Processus preparatoire et processus realisateur necessaires pour obtenir la floraison du Pharbitis nil Chois. C.R. Acad. Sc. Paris. Ser.D 274: 2578-2581.

Bollig,I. 1975. Photoperiodic time measurement and circadian leaf movement in Pharbitis nil controlled by the same clock? Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 77: 54-69.

Bollig,I. 1977. Different circadian rhythms regulate photoperiodic flowering response and leaf movement in Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy. Planta 135: 137-142.

Bose,T.K. and H.Harada. 1970. Effect of temperature and growth regulating substances on flowering of Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 83: 281-284.

Buban,T., U.Seitz and U.Seitz. 1975. Effect of bromacil treatment on the synthesis of nucleic acids and flower formation in Pharbitis nil. Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 20: 215-220.

Butenko,R.G. 1968. Pharbitis. in: Plant Tissue Culture and Plant Morphogenesis. Israel Program for Scientific Translations. Jerusalem.

Choshi,A. 1970. Flowering responses of Pharbitis nil seedlings cultured in test tubes to a single dark period. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 5: 55-61.

Choshi,A. 1971. Flowering responses of Pharbitis nil plumules excised after a single dark period. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 6: 87-94.

Choshi,A. 1979. Effects of IAA on the flowering of excised plumules in Pharbitis nil. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 13: 97-104.

Choshi,A. 1980. Effects of gibberellic acid on the flowering of excised plumules in Pharbitis nil. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 14: 47-54.

Evans,L.T. and R.W.King. 1969. Role of phytochrome in photoperiodic induction of Pharbitis nil. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 60:277-288.

Felippe,G.M. 1977. Effect of insect juvenile hormone upon flowering. Z.Pflanzenphysiol. 85: 269-271.

Friend,D.J.C. 1975. Light requirements for photoperiodic sensitivity in cotyledons of dark-grown Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 35: 286-296.

Gressel,J., A.Zilberstein and T.Arzee. 1970. Bursts of incorporation into RNA and ribonuclease activities associated with induction of morphogenesis in Pharbitis. Develop. Biol. 22: 31-42.

Gressel,J., A.Zilberstein, D.Porath and T.Arzee. 1980. Demonstration with fiber illumination that Pharbitis plumules also perceive flowering photoinduction. in: ed. J.de Greef. Photoreceptors and Plant Development. Antwerpen Univ. Press. Antwerpen, pp.525-530.

Gressel,J., A.Zilberstein, L.Strausbauch and T.Arzee. 1978. Photoinduction of Pharbitis flowering: Relationship to RNA synthesis and other metabolic events. Photochem. Photobiol. 27: 237-240.

Groenewald,E.G. and J.H.Visser. 1974. The effect of certain inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis on flowering of Pharbitis nil. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 71: 67-70.

Groenewald,E.G. and J.H.Visser. 1978. The effect of arachidonic acid, prostaglandins and inhibitors of prostaglandin synthetase, on the flowering of excised Pharbitis nil shoot apices under different photoperiods. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 88:423-429.

Harada,H. 1967. Flower induction in excised shoot apices of Pharbitis and Chrysanthemum cultured in vitro. Nature 214: 1027-1028.

Harada,H. 1969. Effects of decapitation and application of growth substances on flower initiation. Naturewissenshaften 9: 468-469.

Harada,H., T.K.Bose and J.Cheruel. 1971. Effects of four growth regulating chemicals on flowering of Pharbitis nil. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 64: 267-269.

Hicklenton,P.R. and P.A.Jolliffe. 1980. Carbon dioxide and flowering in Pharbitis nil Choisy. Plant Physiol. 66: 13-17.

Ikeda,K. and K.Kimura. 1967. The temperature dependence of floral initiation. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Imamura,S. 1967a. Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Jap. Soc. Plant Physiol. Kyoto

Imamura,S. 1967b. Photoperiodic induction and the floral stimulus. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Imamura,S., M.Furuya and A.Takimoto. 1978. History of the study on flowering of Pharbitis nil. Kagaku 48: 83-90. (in Japanese).

Imamura,S. and Y.Marushige. 1967. The morphology and development of floral primordia. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Kadman-Zahavi,A. 1970. The effects of amitrole on flower induction and on vegetative development in Pharbitis nil. Isr. J. Bot. 19: 558-560.

Kaihara,S. and A.Takimoto. 1979. Environmental factors controlling the time of flower-opening in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 20:1659-1666.

Kaihara,S. and A.Takimoto. 1980. Studies on the light controlling the time of flower-opening in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 21: 21-26.

Kimura,K. and H.B.Tukey,Jr. 1971. Influence of mist on floral initiation of Pharbitis nil. Ber. Ohara Inst. Landwirt. Biol. Okayama Univ. 15: 61-67.

King,R.W. 1974. Phytochrome action in the induction of flowering in short-day plants: Effect of photoperiod quality. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 1:445-457.

King,R.W. and L.T.Evans. 1969. Timing of evocation and development of flowers in Pharbitis nil. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 22:559-572.

King,R.W., L.T.Evans and I.F.Wardlaw. 1968. Translocation of the floral stimulus in Pharbitis nil in relation to that of assimilates. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 59: 377-388.

King,R.W., E.Schafer, B.Thomas and D.Vince-Prue. 1982. Photoperiodism and rhythmic response to light. Plant Cell Environ. 5: 395-404.

King,R.W. and D.Vince-Prue. 1978. Light requirement, phytochrome and photoperiodic induction of flowering of Pharbitis nil Chois I. No correlation between photomorphogenetic and photoperiodic effects of light pretreatment. Planta 141:1-7.

King,R.W., D.Vince-Prue and P.H.Quail. 1978. Light requirement, phytochrome and photoperiodic induction of flowering of Pharbitis nil Choisy III. A comparison of spectrophotometric and physiological assay of phytochrome transformation during induction. Planta 141:15-22.

Kiss,H.G. and R.E.Koning. 1984. Endogenous levels and transport of 1-sminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in stamens of Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Plant Physiol. 90:157-161.

Konishi,M. 1972. Differences between effects of spectral and fluorescent or filtered monochromatic lights on inducing photoperiodic sensitivity of Pharbitis nil. Seibutstu Kankyou Chousetsu 9:80-88.

Linderbaum,S. and Kadman-Zahavi,A. 1973. A possible cause of flowering inhibition in partially illuminated seedlings of Pharbitis nil. Isr. J. Bot. 22:199-200.

Lumsden,P., B.Thomas and D.Vince-Prue. 1982. Photoperiodic control of flowering in dark-grown seedling of Pharbitis nil cultivar Violet: The effect of skeleton and continuous light photoperiods. Plant Physiol. 70: 277-282.

Maeng,J. 1982. Immunological analysis of proteins in the leaf of Phatrbitis nil (cultivar Violet) during photoinduction of flowering. Korean J. Bot. 25: 169-174.

Marushige,K. and A.Takimoto. 1967. Preparation for response to photoperiod. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Matsushima,H., T.Itoyama, Y.Mashiko and T.Mizukoshi. 1974. Critical time of floral differentiation in Pharbitis nil shoot apex. in: Plant Growth Substances 1973. Hirokawa Publ., Tokyo. pp.967-973.

Minamitani,T., and S.Nakayama. 1970. Influences of several factors on the behaviour of floral buds cultured in vitro. Miyazaki Daigaku Kyouikugakubu Kiyo 98: 6-20. (in Japanese).

Miyoshi,Y., M.Furuya and A.Takimoto. 1974. Dark transformation of phytochrome in cotyledons of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 15: 1115-1123.

Moshkov,B.S. and I.V.Selitskaya. 1979. Specifities of actinorhythmic induction of flowering of Pharbitis nil. Bot. Zh. 64: 211-217.

Murakami,Y. 1973. The role of gibberellins in the growth of floral organs of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 14:91-102.

Nakayama,S. 1973. Effect of ultraviolet-light interruption on flowering in Pharbitis seedlings. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 86: 47-49.

Nakayama,S. and T.Hashimoto. 1973. Effects of abscisic acid on flowering in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 14: 419-422.

Nakayama,S., H.Ono and A.Hashizume. 1981. Enhancement of flowering by acetic acid bacteria-oxidized products in Pharbits nil seedlings. Plant Cell Physiol. 22:1231-1235.

Nguyen,J. 1975. Determination in vivo des variations du catabolisme purin que en fonction des dur"es d'obscurit" ou de lumier=, dans les cotyledons du Pharbitis nil Chois. C.R.Acad. Sci. (Paris), 281D:1709-1712.

Nishino,E. 1976. Developmental anatomy of foliage leaves, bracts, calyx and corolla in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 89: 191-209.

Ogawa,Y. 1977. Difference in effectiveness of various gibberellins on shoot elongation and flower formation in Pharbitis nil Chois. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 46:117-122.

Ogawa,Y. 1980. Effect of chilling at germinating stage on the flowering response of Pharbitis nil Choisy. J. Japan. Soc. Hor. Sci. 49: 102-106.

Ogawa,Y. 1981. Stimulation of the flowering of Pharbitis nil Choisy by gibberellin A３: Time dependent action at the apex. Plant Cell Physiol. 22:675-681.

Ogawa.Y. and R.W.King. 1979a. Indirect action of benzyladenine and other chemicals on flowering of Pharbitis nil Chois: Action by interference with assimilate translocation from induced cotyledons. Plant Physiol. 63: 643-649.

Ogawa,K. and R.W.King. 1979b. Establishment of photoperiodic sensitivity by benzyladenine and a brief red irradiation in dark grown seedlings of Pharbitis nil Chois. Plant Cell Physiol. 20: 115-122.

Ogawa,Y. and R.W.King. 1980. Flowering in seedlings of Pharbitis nil induced by benzyladenine applied under a non-inductive daylength. Plant Cell Physiol. 21:1109-1116.

Ogawa,Y. and J.A.D.Zeevaart. 1967. The relation of growth regulators to flowering. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Paraska,J.R. and C.Spector. 1974. The initiation of an endogenous rhythm affecting flower bud formation on Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 32: 62-65.

Purohit,A.N. and E.B.Tregunna. 1974. Effect of carbon dioxide on Pharbitis, Xantium, and Silene in short days. Can. J. Bot. 52: 1283-1291.

Rombach,J., J.Bensink and N.Katsura. 1982. Phytochrome in Pharbitis nil during and after de-etiolation. Physiol. Plant. 56: 251-258.

Saji,H., M.Furuya and A.Takimoto. 1984. Photoperiod preceding a flower-inductive dark period in dark-grown seedling of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 25: 715-720.

Saji,H., D.Vince-Prue and M.Furuya. 1983. Studies on the photoreceptors for the promotion and inhibition of flowering in dark-grown seedling of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 24: 1183-1189.

Sanada,T. 1980a. Floral bud formation on each node under the first floral node in Pharbitis nil. Touhoku Daigaku Nouken Houkoku 31:1-7. (in Japanese).

Sanada,T. 1980b. Floral bud formation at shoot apex in Pharbitis nil. Touhoku Daigaku Nouken Houkoku 31:9-16. (in Japanese).

Shimazu,S., K.Kashimura, Y.Onozawa and M.Matusnaga. 1969. Response to daylength in several varieties of Pharbitis nil. Ibaraki Daigaku Nougakubu Gakujutu Houkoku 17:1-6. (in Japanese).

Shinozaki,M. 1972. Floral initiation of Pharbitis nil, a short-day plant, under continuous high-intensity light. Plant Cell Physiol. 13: 391-393.

Shinozaki,M. 1974. Floral initiation and growth of Pharbitis nil, a short-day plant, under continuous light. In: Mechanism of Regulation of Plant Growth. eds. by R.L.Bieleski, A.R.Ferguson and M.M.Cresswell. pp.299-303. The Royal Soc. of New Zeeland, Wellington.

Shinozaki,M. 1976. Comparative studies of long-day flowering by continuous high-intensity light and CCC in Pharbitis nil. The 9th International Conference on Plant Growth Substances, Lausanne. Abstracts pp. 353-355.

Shinozaki,M., M.Hikichi, K.Yoshida, K.Watanabe and A. Takimoto. 1982. Effect of high-intensity light given prior to low-temperature treatment on the long-day flowering of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 23: 473-477.

Shinozaki,M. and A.Takimoto. 1982a. The role of cotyledons in flower initiation of Pharbitis nil at low temperatures. Plant Cell Physiol. 23: 403-408.

Shinozaki,M. and A.Takimoto. 1982b. Correlation between long-day flowering and root elongation in Pharbitis nil, strain Kidachi. Plant Cell Physiol. 23: 1055-1061.

Shinozaki,M. and A.Takimoto. 1983. Effect of some growth resulators and benzoic acid derivatives ob flower initiation and root elongation of Pharbitis nil cultivar Kidachi. Plant Cell Physiol. 24: 433-440.

Simmons,H.A. 1978. Effects of diurnal and bidiurnal photoperiodic treatments on mitosis in Pharbitis nil. J. Interdiscip. Cycle Res. 9:97-103.

Simmons,H.A. and M.W.Coulter. 1979. Responses of normal and dwarf Pharbitis nil to an extended dark period and gibberellic acid. Plant Cell Physiol. 20:1671-1673.

Spector,C. and J.R.Paraska. 1973. Rhythmicity of flowering in Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 29: 402-405.

Stiles,J.I.Jr. and P.J.Davies. 1976a. RNA metabolism in apices of Pharbitis nil during floral induction. Plant Cell Physiol. 17: 825-833.

Stiles,J.I.Jr. and P.J.Davies. 1976b. Qualitative analysis by isoelectric focusing of the protein contents of Pharbitis nil apecies and cotyledons during floral induction. Plant Cell Physiol. 17: 855-857.

Suge,H. 1972. Inhibition of photoperiodic floral induction in Pharbitis nil by ethylene. Plant Cell Physiol. 13: 1031-1038.

Suge,H. 1974. Nature of the ethylene inhibition of flowering in Pharbitis nil. in: Plant Growth Substances 1973. Hirokawa Publ., Tokyo. pp.960-966.

Suge,H. 1980. Inhibition of flowering and growth in Pharbitis nil by the growth retardant ancymidol. Plant Cell Physiol. 21:1187-1192.

Takeba,G. and A.Takimoto. 1971. Metabolism of (-)-kaurene-３H and (-)-kaurenol-３H during the photoperiodic floral induction in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 12: 81-88.

Takimoto,A. 1967a. Spectral dependence of different light reactions associated with photoperiodic response in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 80:213-220.

Takimoto,A. 1967b. Studies on the light affecting the initiation of endogenous rhythms concerned with photoperiodic responses in Pharbitis nil. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 80:241-247.

Takimoto,A. 1967c. General methods of experimentation with Pharbitis nil. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Takimoto,A. 1967d. Effects of low-intensity light on the photoperiodic response. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Takimoto,A. 1967e. Timing mechanisms in photoperiodism. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Takimoto,A. 1967f. The spectral dependence of photoperiodic responses. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Takimoto,A. 1969. Pharbitis nil Chois. in: ed. L.T.Evans, The Induction of Flowering, Some Case Histories. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, N.Y. pp.90-115.

Templeton,K.M. and M.G.Cline. 1979. Flowering of shoot apecies of Pharbitis nil, cultured in vitro. In vitro 15:178.

Vince-Prue,D., R.W.King and P.H.Quail. 1978. Light requirement, phytochrome and photoperiodic induction of flowering of Pharbitis nil: II. A critical examination of spectrophotometric assays of phytochrome transformations. Planta 141: 9-14.

Wada,K. 1967. Studies on the flower initiation in Pharbitis seedlings: I. Ages of shoot apices and initiation rates of leaf primordia at the shoot apex. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 80: 161-171.

Wada.K. 1968a. Studies on the flower initiation in Pharbitis seedlings, with special reference to the early stimulation of cell division at the flower-induced shoot apex. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 81: 46-47.

Wada,K. 1968b. Studies on the flower initiation in Pharbitis sedlings: II. Influencs of Gamma-ray irradiation. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 81: 198-209.

Wada.K. 1968c. Studies on the flower initiation in Pharbitis seedlings: III. Influences of X-ray irradiation. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 81: 251-258.

Wada,K. 1968d. Studies on the flower initiation and development of flower primordia of Pharbitis nil, with special reference to the time of arrival of flowering stimulus at plumule. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 1: 83-89.

Wada,K. 1969a. A treatise on influences of acate X- or gamma-irradiation in the flower initiation of Pharbitis seedlings. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 4: 61-66.

Wada,K. 1969b. Studies on the flower initiation in Pharbitis seedlings: IV. Influence s of localized x- or Gamma irradiation. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 82: 1-5.

Wada,K. 1973. Floral initiation under continuous light in Pharbitis nil, a short-day plant, with special reference to retarded growth and senescence of cotyledons. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 8: 149-155.

Wada,K. 1974. Floral initiation under continuous light in Pharbitis nil, a typical short-day plant. Plant Cell Physiol. 15: 381-384.

Yoshida,K., K.Umemura, K.Yoshinaga and Y.Oota. 1967. Specific RNA from photoperiodically induced cotyledons of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 8: 97-108.

Zeevaart,J.A.D. and K.Marushige. 1967. Biochemical approaches. in: ed. S.Imamura, Physiology of Flowering in Pharbitis nil. Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists, Kyoto.

Zilberstein,A., T.Arzee and J.Gressel. 1973a. Thymidine incorporation into Pharbitis DNA. I. Adenosine effects on degradation by thymidine phosphorylase system. Cell Diff. 2:205-211.

Zilberstein,A., T.Arzee and J.Gressel. 1973b. Thymidine incorporation into Pharbitis DNA. II. Adenosine enhancement in vivo; total incorporation versus autoradiography. Cell Diff. 2:213-220.

after １９８５

Abou-Haidar,S.S., E.Miginiac and R.M.Sachs. 1985. [１４C]-assimilate partitioning in photoperiodically induced seedlings of Pharbitis nil. The effect of benzyladenine. Physiol. Plant. 64: 265-270.

Aharoni,M., E.E.Goldschmidt and A.H.Halevy. 1985. Changes in metabolites of acetate-1-１４C following floral induction of Pharbitis nil plants. J. Plant Physiol. 120: 145-152.

Amagasa,T., M.Ogawa and S.Sugai. 1992. Effects of aminooxyacetic acid and its derivatives on flowering in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 33: 1025-1029.

Amagasa,T. and H.Suge. 1987. The mode of flower-inhibiting action of ethylene in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 28:1159-1161.

Araki,T. and Y.Komeda. 1990. Electrophoretic analysis of flower-evoked meristems of Pharbitis nil Coisy cv. Violet. Plant Cell Physiol. 31: 137-144.

Bassett.C.L. and C.P.Mothershed. 1987. Changes in polypeptide profiles during anthesis in the Japanes morning glory (Ipomoea nil). HortScience 22:716.

Bassett,C.L., C.P.Mothershed and G.A.Galau. 1988. Floral-specific polypeptides of the Japanese morning glory. Planta 175:221-228.

Bassett,C.L., C.P.Mothershed and G.A.Galau. 1991. Polypeptide profiles from cotyledons of developing and photoperiodically induced seedlings of the Japanese morning glory (Pharbitis nil). J. Plant Growth Regul. 10:147-155.

Bonner,B.A., E.M.Gifford and N.-M.R.Reed. 1991. Differential RNA synthesis in the shoot apex of Pharbitis nil during floral evocation. Amer. J. Bot. 78: 401-407.

Borochov,A., H.Spiegelstein and A.H.Halevy 1995. Involvement of signal transduction pathway components in photoperiodic flower induction in Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 95:393-398.

Carter,C.E., A.Szmidt-Jaworska, M.Hughes, B.Thomas, S.Jackson 2000. Phytochrome regulation of phytochrome A mRNA levels in the model short-day-plant Pharbitis nil. J. Exp. Bot. 51: 703-711.

Coulter,M.W. and H.A.Simmons. 1989. Photoperiodic effects on gibberellin related substances in a dwaef mutant of Pharbitis nil. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 31:331-342.

Cymerski-M. and J.Kopcewicz. 1994. Labile phytochrome and photoperiodic flower induction in Pharbitis nil Chois. The irreversible phytochrome hypothesis. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 63: 275-278

Cymerski,M. and J.Kopcewicz. 1995. KCN blocks the inhibiting effect of red light night-break on the flowering of Pharbitis nil. J. Plant Physiol. 145: 189-190.

Czaplewska,J. and J.Kopcewicz. 1991. The effect of photoperiodic treatments on mitotic activity in Pharbitis nil Chois. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 60:133-138.

Czaplewska,J. and J.Kopcewicz. 1994. Mitotic activity as an early symptom of flower evocation in Pharbitis nil Chois. Acta Physiol. Plant. 16:39-44.

Cymerski M. Kopcewicz J. 1995. Photoperiodic induction of plant flowering: I. Phytochrome in the control of short day plants flowering. [Polish] Wiadomosci Botaniczne 39. 39-48.

Dai,Y.-R. and J.Wang. 1987. Relation of polyamine titer to photoperiodic induction of flowering in Pharbitis nil. Plant Sci. 51:135-139.

Durdan,S.F, R.J.Herbert and D.Francis 1998. Activation of latent origins of DNA replication in florally determined shoot meristems of long-day and short-day plants: Silene coeli-rosa and Pharbitis nil. Planta 207: 235-240.

Durdan,S.F., R.J.Herbert, H.J.Rogers and D.Francis 2000. The determination time of the carpel whorl is differentially sensitive to carbohydrate supply in Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 123: 189-200.

Evans,L.T., O.M.Heide and R.W.King. 1986. A semidian rhythm in the flowering response of Pharbitis nil to far-red light: II. The involvement of phytochrome. Plant Physiol. 80: 1025-1029.

Felsheim,R.F. and A.Das. 1992. Structure and expression of a heat-shock protein 83 gene of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 100: 1764-1771.

Friedman,H., E.E.Goldschmidt and A.H.Halevy. 1987. Proteins in phloem exudates from photoperiodically induced Pharbitis nil seedlings. J. Plant Physiol. 130: 471-476.

Friedman,H., E.E.Goldschmidt and A.H.Halely. 1989. Involvement of calcium in the photoperiodic flower induction process of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 89:530-534.

Friedman,H., E.E.Goldschmidt, H.Spiegelstein and A.H.Halevy. 1992. A rhythm in the flowering response of photoperiodically-induced Pharbits nil to agents affecting cytosolic calcium and pH. Physiol. Plant. 85: 57-60.

Friedman,H., H.Spiegelstein, E.E.Goldschmidt and A.H.Halevy. 1990. Flowering response of Pharbitis nil to agents affecting cytoplasmic pH. Plant Physiol. 94:114-449.

Galoch,E., J.Czaplewska and J.Kopcewicz. 1995. Flower-promoting activity of gibberellin A3 in Pharbitis nil apex cultures exposed to various photoperiods. Acta Physiol. Plant. 17:71-76.

Galoch E. Burkacka Laukajtys E. Kopcewicz J. 1996. Effect of cytokinins on flower differentiation in cultured plantlets of Pharbitis nil Chois. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 18. 223-227.

Groenewald,E.G. and A.J.Van Der Westhuizen 1998. The metabolism of inhibitor of flowering and prostaglandin biosynthesis, acetylsalicylic acid, in Pharbitis nil cotyledons. Biol. Plant. 41: 475-479.

Halevy,A.H., H.Spiegelstein and E.E.Goldschmidt. 1991. Auxin inhibition of flower induction of Pharbitis is not mediated by ethylene. Plant Physiol. 95: 652-654.

Hao,N.-B., Y.-Z.Zhang, Q.-Y.Ge, K.-H.Tan and H.-G.Zhu. 1988. Effect of photoperiodic induction of the protein synthesis of cotyledons and the morphology of apical meristem of Pharbitis nil plant. Acta Bot. Sin. 30:292-296.

Heide,O.M., R.W.King and L.T.Evans. 1986. A semidian rhythm in the flowering response of Pharbitis nil to far-red light: I. Phasing in relation to the light-off signal. Plant Physiol. 80: 1020-1024.

Heide,O.M., R.W.King and L.T.Evans. 1988a. The semidian rhythm in flowering response of Pharbitis nil in relation to dark period time measurement and to a circadian rhythm. Physiol. Plant. 73:286-294.

Heide,O.M., R.W.King and L.T.Evans 1998b. Semidian rhythmicity in the flowering response of Pharbitis nil to changes in temperature. Australian J. Plant Physiol. 25: 183-188.

Heide,O.M., R.W.King and L.T.Evans 1998c. Shifts in the semidian rhythm of flowering do determine night-break timing and critical night length in Pharbitis nil. Planta 206: 28-33.

Herbert,R.J., D.Francis and J.C.Ormrod. 1992. Cellular and morphological changes at the terminal shoot apex of the short-day plant Pharbitis nil during the transition to flowering. Physiol. Plant. 86: 85-92.

Heyde,N.M. and J.Rombach. 1988. Flower induction in norflurazon-treated Pharbitis nil: photo-induction of photoperiodic sensitivity in seedlings grown in vitro and daylength sensitivity in partly bleached potted plants. Acta Bot. Neerl. 37: 371-377.

Hirai,N. 1992. Substances involved in the flowering of Lemna paucicostata and Pharbitis nil. Chemical Regulation in Plants　27: 67-73. (in Japanese).

Hirai,N., Y.Kojima, K.Koshimizu, M.Shinozaki and A.Takimoto. 1993. Accumulation of phenylpropanoids in cotyledons of morning glory (Pharbitis nil) seedlings during the induction of flowering by poor nutrition. Plant Cell Physiol. 34:1039-1044.

Hirai,N., Y.Kojima, M.Shinozaki, K.Koshimizu, N.Murofushi and A.Takimoto 1995a. Accumulation of ascorbic acid in the cotyledons of morning glory (Pharbitis nil) seedlings during the induction of flowering by low-temperature treatment and the effect of prior exposure to high-intensity light. Plant Cell Physiol. 36:1265-1271.

Hirai,N., Y.Kuwano, Y.Kojima, K.Koshimizu, M.Shinozaki and A.Takimoto. 1995b. Increase in the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase during the non-photoperiodic induction of flowering in seedlings of morning glory (Pharbitis nil). Plant Cell Physiol. 36:291-297.

Hirai,N., M.Yamamuro, K.Koshimizu, M.Shinozaki and A.Takimoto. 1994. Accumulation of phenylpropanoids in the cotyledons of morning glory (Pharbitis nil) seedlings during the induction of flowering by low temperature treatment, and the effect of precedent exposure to high-intensity light. Plant Cell Physiol. 35:691-695.

Hirasawa,E. and A.Shimada. 1994. The photoresponse of s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activity in leaves of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 35:505-508.

Inagaki,Y., Y.Hisatomi, T.Suzuki, K.Kasahara and S.Iida. 1994. Isolation of a Suppressor-mutator/Enhancer-like transposable element, Tpn1, from Japanese morning glory bearing variegated flowers. Plant Cell 6:375-383.

Ishimaru A. Takeno K. Shinozaki M. 1996. Correlation of flowering induced by low temperature and endogenous levels of phenylpropanoids in Pharbitis nil: A study with a secondary-metabolism mutant. J. Plant Physiol. 148. 672-676.

Ishioka,N. and S.Tanimoto. 1994. Possible involvement of spermidine in floral-bud formation in Pharbitis nil apex cultures. bBull. Fac. Agr., Saga Univ. 76:95-98.

Ishioka,N., S.Tanimoto and H.Harada. 1990. Flower-inducing activity of phloem exudate in cultured apecies from Pharbitis seedlings. Plant Cell Physiol. 31: 705-709.

Ishioka,N., S.Tanimoto and H.Harada. 1991a. Roles of nitrogen and carbohydrate in floral-bud formation in Pharbitis apex cultures. J. Plant Physiol. 138: 573-576.

Ishioka,N., S.Tanimoto and H.Harada. 1991b. Flower-inducing activity of phloem exudates from Pharbitis cotyledons exposed to various photoperiods. Plant Cell Physiol. 32: 921-924.

Jia,S.-R. and N.-H.Chua. 1992. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature embryo culture of Pharbitis nil. Plant Science 87: 215-223.

Jin,S.-P., S.-M.Jin, G.-Y. Cao and X.-C.Ren. 1986a. The relationship between flowering induction and the changes of some phosphatase activities in Pharbitis nil. Acta Bot. Sin. 28: 492-497. (in Chinese).

Jin,S.-P., S.-M.Jin, H.-K.Lian and X.-C.Ren. 1986b. The relationship between flowering induction and the level of adenosine triphosphate in Pharbitis nil. Acta Bot. Sin. 28: 381-386. (in Chinese).

Kadman-Zahavi,A. and D.Peiper. 1986. Effects of moonlight on flower induction in Pharbitis nil. Israel J. Bot. 35:65.

Kadman-Zahavi,A. and D.Peiper. 1987. Effects of moonlight on flower induction in Pharbitis nil, using a single dark period. Ann. Bot. 60:621-623.

Kaihara,S. 1989. Flower opening and plant hormones in Pharbitis nil. Chemistry and Biology 27:71-73. (in Japanese).

Kaihara S. Kozaki A. Takimoto A. 1989. Flower-inducing activity of water extracts of various planr species on particular Pharbitis-nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 30. 1023-1028.

Kaihara S. Takimoto A. 1990. Interaction between L-pipecolic acid and water extracts of various plant species in floral induction of Lemna paucicostata. Plant Cell Physiol. 31. 1059-1061.

Kamachi,S. and E.Hirasawa 1995. Sensitivity to humidity and temperature in darkness of the photoinduction S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase activity in leaves of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 36:915-917

Kamuro,Y., K.Yotsumoto, S.-K.Lee and S.Marumo. 1990. Marked inhibition of floral bud initiation by optically active abscisic acid in Pharbitis nil. Agric. Biol. Chem. 54:3363-3365.

Khin Lay Swe, M.Shinozaki and A.Takimoto. 1985. Varietal differences in flowering behavior of Pharbitis nil Chois. Mem. Coll. Agric., Kyoto Univ. 126: 1-20.

Kim K C. Lee J H. Hur Y. Maeng J. 1996. Flower-inducing activity in the phloem exudate and gene expression specific to photoperiodic floral induction in Pharbitis cotyledons. J. Plant Biol. 39. 257-263.

Kim K C. Maeng J. 1995. Photoperiodic flora induction in Pharbitis cotyledons affected by polyamines and ethylene. J. Plant Biol. 38. 227-234.

Kim,S.H., M.W.Yi and J.Maenga. 1994. Effects of electric current on flowering in Pharbitis and floral stimulus activity in the phloem exudate of cotyledons. J. Plant Biol. 37:159-166.

King,R.W., L.T.Evans and O.M.Heide. 1986. Flowering of Pharbitis nil is controlled by an endogenous semidian rhythm. Plant Cell Environ. 9: 345-347.

King,R.W., R.P.Pharis and L.N.Mander. 1987. Gibberellins in relation to growth and flowering in Pharbitis nil Cois. Plant Physiol. 84: 1126-1131.

King,R.W., M.Shinozaki, A.Takimoto and Khin Lay Swe. 1994. Genes for dwarfing and photoperiod flowering response in Pharbitis nil Choisy. J. Plant Res. 107:215-219.

Kiss,H.G. and R.E.Koning. 1990. Emasculation effects on filament growth in Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 77:41-45.

Kiss,H.G., R.E.Koning and J.Daie. 1991. Transort of IAA and ACC in floral organs of Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 78:672-679.

Knapp,P.H., S.Sawhney, M.M.Grimmett and D.Vince-Prue. 1986. Site of perception of the far-red inhibition of flowering in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 27: 1147-1152.

Kondoh,M., Y.Fukusada, A.Murakami, C.Shigeta and S.Tanimoto 1999a. Flowering may be controlled by a quantitative balance between flower-inducing and -inhibiting substances in Pharbitis nil. Plant Growth Regul. 28: 101-106.

Kondoh,M., A.Murakami, C.Shigeta and S.Tanimoto 1999b. Flower-inducing and -inhibiting activities of phloem exudate from cotyledons of Pharbitis seedlings. Plant Growth Regul. 28: 107-116.

Koning,R.E. 1986a. The role of ethylene in corolla unfolding in Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 73:152-155.

Koning,R.E. 1986b. Acid-induced filament elongation in Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 73:1755-1759.

Koning,R.E. and M.M.Raab. 1987. Parameters of filament elongation in Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 74:510-516.

Krishana,P., R.F.Felsheim, J.C.Larkin and A.Das. 1992. Structure and light-induced expression of a small heat-shock protein gene of Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 100: 1772-1779.

Kulikowska-Gulewska-H; Cymerski-M; Czaplewska-J; Kopcewicz-J 1995. IAA in the control of photoperiodic flower induction of Pharbitis nil Chois. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 64(1): 45-50

Kulikowska-Gulewska,H., E.Galoch and J.Kopcewicz 1998. ABA in photoperiodic induction of Pharbitis nil. Acta Soc. Bota Bot. Poloniae 67: 59-63.

Kulikowska-Gulewska,H. and J.Kopcewicz 1999. Ethylene in the control of photoperiodic flower induction in Pharbitis nil Chois. Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 68: 33-37.

Kulikowska-Gulewska,H., M.Majewska, J.Kopcewicz 2000. Gibberellins in the control of photoperiodic flower transition in Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 108: 202-207.

Kwon,H.-J., K.-C.Son and E.-G.Gu. 1994. Influence of auxin, ethylene, and polyamines on the flowering induction of morning glory (Pharbitis nil Chois. cv. Violet). J. Korean Soc. Hort. Sci. 35:258-264. (in Korean)

Larkin,J.C., R.Felsheim and A.Das. 1990. Floral determination in the terminal bud of the short-day plant Pharbitis nil. Dev. Biol. 137:434-443.

Lay-Yee,M., R.M.Sachs and M.S.Reid. 1987a. Changes in cotyledon mRNA during floral induction of Pharbitis nil cv. Violet. Planta. 171:104-109.

Lay-Yee,M., R.M.Sachs and M.S.Reid. 1987b. Changes in cotyledon mRNA during ethylene inhibition of floral induction in Pharbitis nil strain Violet. Plant Physiol. 84:545-548.

Lee,H.S.J., D.Vince-Prue and R.E.Kendrick. 1987. Phase shifting effects in the photoperiodic rythm of flowering in dark-grown seedling of Pharbitis nil Choisy. Plant Cell Physiol. 28: 93-100.

Li,L.-W. and Tan,K.H. 1990. Changes in the protein synthesis of isolated mitochondria from cotyledons of Pharbitis nil caused by photoperiodic flower induction. Chin. J. Bot. 2: 130-134.

Li,L.-W. and Tan,K.H. 1991. Specific protein occurrence related with photoperiodic flower induction in the cotyledons of Pharbitis nil cultivar Violet. Science in China Series B Chemistry Life Science & Earth Sciences 34(5): 570-575

Lumsden,P.J. and M.Furuya. 1986. Evidence for two actions of light in the photoperiodic induction of flowering in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 27: 1541-1551.

Lumsden,P.J., D.Vince-Prue and M.Furuya. 1986. Phaseshifting of the photoperiodic flowering response rhythm in Pharbitis nil by red-light pulses. Physiol. Plant. 67: 604-607.

Lumsden,P.J., J.A.Youngs, B.Thomas and D.Vince-Prue 1995. Evidence that photoperiodic, dark time measurement in Pharbitis nil involves a circadian rather than a semidian rhythm. Plant Cell Environ. 18:1403-1410.

Maeda,T., T.Asami, S.Yoshida and K.Takeno 2000. The processes inhibited and promoted by abscisic acid in photoperiodic flowering of Pharbitis nil: J. Plant Physiol. 157:421-428.

Nakanishi,F. and T.Fujii. 1992. Appearance of peroxidase isozymes in floral-initiated shoot apecies of Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 86:197-201.

Nakanishi,F., T.Kusumi, Y.Inoue and T,Fujii 1995. Dihydrokaempferol glucoside from cotyledons promotes flowering in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 36:1303-1309.

Ogawa,Y. 1988. Effect of temperature and gibberellin A３ on flowering in Pharbitis nil Choisy. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 57:475-480.

Ogawa,Y. 1992. Influences of radiation intensity, plant age and benzyladenine on photoperiodic flowering of Pharbitis nil seedligs. Bull. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 7:83-90.

Ogawa,Y. 1993a. Effects of cotyledon area and gibberellin A３ on photoperiodic flower induction in Pharbitis nil seedligs. Bull. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 10:195-200.

Ogawa,Y. 1993b. Movement of floral stimulus in the cotyledon and petiole of Pharbitis nil seedligs. Bull. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 10:201-207.

Ogawa,Y. 1993c. Flowering responses of cotyledonary buds in Pharbitis nil seedligs. Bull. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 10:209-214.

Ogawa,Y. 1993d. Rhythmic changes in photoperiodic flowering of Pharbitis nil Choisy. Bull. Fac. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 11:177-183.

Ogawa,Y. 1993e. Generation of circadian flowering rhythm of Pharbitis nil Choisy in response to dark-light period. Bull. Fac. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 11:185-190.

Ogawa,Y. 1994. Floral initiation of the buds on main stem and the axillary shoots of Pharbitis seedlings of different growth stages with a special reference to effects of gibberellin A３, zeatin and temperature. Bull. Fac. Bioresources, Mie Univ. 12: 229-235.

Ogawa,Y., G.Fujiyama and S.Iwai. 1990. Promoting effect of gibberellin A３ on flowering induced by chilling in Pharbitis nil Choisy. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 59: 371-376.

Ogawa,Y., G.Fujiyama and S.Iwai. 1992. High temperature effect on the chilling induction of flowering in Pharbitis nil Choisy with a special reference to plant age. J. Japan. Hortic. Sci 61:115-120.

Ogawa,Y. and R.W.King. 1990. The inhibition of flowering by non-induced cotyledons of Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 31: 129-135.

O'Neill,S.D. and C.C.Zheng 1998. Abundance of mRNAs encoding HMG1/HMG2 class high-mobility-group DNA-binding proteins are differentially regulated in cotyledons of Pharbitis nil. Plant Mol. Biol. 37: 235-241.

O'Neill,S.D., X.S.Zhang and C.C.Zheng. 1994. Dark and circadian regulation of mRNA accumulation in the short-day plant Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 104:569-580.

Ono,M., M.Okazaki, H.Harada and H.Uchimiya. 1988. In vitro translated polypeptides of different organs of Pharbitis nil Chois., strain Violet under flower-inductive and non-inductive conditions. Plant Sci. 58: 1-7.

Ono,M., K.S.Ono, K.Yamada, M.Yasui and M.Okazaki. 1993a. Axillary bud flowering after apical decapitation in Pharbitis in relation to photoinduction. Physiol. Plant. 87:1-6.

Ono,M., K.S.Ono, M.Yasui, M.Okasaki and H.Harada. 1993b. Changes in polypeptides in Pharbitis cotyledons during the first flower-inductive photoperiod. Plant Sci. 89:135-145.

Ono M. Sage Ono K. Inoue M. Kamada H. Harada H. 1996. Transient increase in the level of mRNA for a germin-like protein in leaves of the short-day plant Pharbitis nil during the photoperiodic induction of flowering. Plant Cell Physiol. 37. 855-861.

Ono,M., K.Yamada, K.Sage, M.Okazaki and H.Harada. 1991. Changes in in vitro translated polypeptides of Pharnbitis nil Chois., strain Violet cotyledons during the first flower-inductive and non-inductive photoperiods. Plant Sci. 78: 11-18.

Owens,V. and D.J.Paolillo,Jr. 1986a. Effect of aging on flowering of axillary buds of Pharbitis nil. Am. J. Bot. 73: 882-887.

Owens,V.A. and D.J.Paolillo,Jr. 1986b. Changes in cell number and mitosis in apices of Pharbitis nil subjected to darkness or constant light. Amer. J. Bot. 73:637-638.

Owens,V. and D.J.Paolillo,Jr. 1986c. Effect of aging on growth and flowering of the terminal bud of Pharbitis nil. Amer. J. Bot. 73: 888-893.

Raab,M.M. and R.E.Koning. 1987a. Changes in responsiveness to ethylene and gibberellin during corolla expansition of Ipomoea nil. J. Plant Growth Regul. 6:121-131.

Raab,M.M. and R.E.Koning. 1987b. Interacting roles of gibberellin and ethylene in corolla expansion of Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 74:921-927.

Reekie J Y C. Hicklenton P R. Reekie E G. 1994. Effects of elevated CO-2 on time of flowering in four short-day and four long-day species. Canad. J. Botany 72. 533-538.

Reese C L. Erwin J E. 1997. The effect of day/night temperature on Pharbitis nil Chois. flowering. Hortscience 32.1046-1048.

Rombach,J. 1986. Phytochrome in norflurazon-treated seedlings of Pharbitis. Physiol. Plant. 68: 231-237.

Sage-Ono,K., M.Ono, H.Harada and H.Kamada 1998a. Accumulation of a clock-regulated transcript during flower-inductive darkness in Pharbitis nil. Plant Physiol. 116: 1479-1485.

Sage-Ono,K., M.Ono, H.Harada and H.Kamada 1998b. Dark-induced accumulation of mRNA for a homolog of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in Pharbitis. Plant Cell Physiol. 39: 357-360.

Shigeta,C.　1995.　Flower-inhibiting activity of phloem exudate collected from long-day cotyledons in Pharbitis nil．Saga Daigaku Nougakubu Shuuhou 78:11- (in Japanese).

Shinozaki,M. 1985. Organ correlation in long-day flowering of Pharbitis nil. Biol. Plant. 27:382-385.

Shinozaki,M. 1995. Long-day flowering and phenylpropanoid metabolism in a short-day plant, Pharbitis nil.　Touhoku Daigaku, Iden Seitai Center Tsuushin (in Japanese).

Shinozaki,M., K.Asada and A.Takimoto. 1988a. Correlation between chlorogenic acid content in cotyledons and flowering in Pharbitis seedlings under poor nutrition. Plant Cell Physiol. 29:605-609.

Shinozaki,M., N.Hirai, M.Fujinami and A.Takimoto. 1995. Non-photoperiodic floral induction in Pharbitis. Flowering Newslett. 19:18-22.

Shinozaki,M., N.Hirai, Y.Kojima, K.Koshimizu and A.Takimoto. 1994. Correlation between level of phenylpropanoids in cotyledons and flowering in Pharbitis seedlings under high-fluence illumination. Plant Cell Physiol. 35:807-810.

Shinozaki,M., Khin Lay Swe and A.Takimoto. 1988b. Varietal difference in the ability to flower in response to poor nutrition and its correlation with chlorogenic acid accumulation in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell physiol. 29: 611-614.

Shinozaki,M., K.Watanabe and A.Takimoto. 1985. Flower-promoting activity of benzoic acid and related compounds for Pharbitis nil Chois. Mem. Coll. Agric., Kyoto Univ. 126: 21-26.

Takeno K. 1991. Flowering response of Ipomoea-batatas scions grafted onto Pharbitis-nil stocks. Physiol. Plant. 83. 682-686.

Takeno K. 1992. Detection of flowering hormone by Ipomoea batatas. Chemical Regulation in Plants 27: 74-79. (in Japanese).　　

Takeno,K. 1993. Evidence for the involvement of calcium in flowering induction by photoperiod in Pharbitis nil. Plant Cell Physiol. 34:221-225.

Takeno,K. 1994. Perfusion technique, a new method to treat assay plant with test substances. Flowering Newsletter 17:34-38.

Takeno K. 1996. Influences of plant hormones on photoperiodic flowering in Pharbitis nil: Re-evaluation by the perfusion technique. Plant Growth Regul. 20:189-194.

Takeno,K. 1999a. Flowering−Is the florigen concept still alive？− Chemical Regulation in Plants 34: 138-147. (in Japanese).　　

Takeno,K. 1999b. Is the florigen concept still alive? Flowering Newsletter 22: 54-58.

Takeno,K. and C.F.Cleland. 1990. Comparison of gibberellin-like substances from cotyledons and phloem exudate collected from cotyledons of Pharbitis nil in relation to photoperiodic flowering. Plant Growth Regul. 9: 227-236.

Takeno K. Maeda T. 1996. Abscisic acid both promotes and inhibits photoperiodic flowering of Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 98. 467-470.

Takeno K. Tsuruta T. Maeda T. 1996. Gibberellins are not essential for photoperiodic flower induction of Pharbitis nil.

Tanimoto,S., and N.Ishioka. 1992. Flower-inducing substances. Chemical Regulation in Plants 27: 44-55. (in Japanese).

Tanimoto,S., N.Ishioka and H.Harada. 1994. Studies on controlling mechanisms of flowering in in vitro culture. Bull. Fac. Agr., Saga Univ. 76:99-111.

Thigpen,S.P. and R.M.Sachs. 1985. Changes in ATP in relation to floral induction and initiation in Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 65: 156-162.

Tretyn,A., M.Cymerski, J.Czaplewska, H.Lukasiewicz, A.Pawlak and J.Kopcewicz. 1990. Calcium and photoperiodic flowering in Pharbitis nil. Physiol. Plant. 80: 388-392.

Tretyn,A., J.Czaplewska, M.Cymerski, J.Kopcewicz and R.E.Kendrick. 1994. The mechanism of calcium action on flower induction in Pharbitis nil. J. Plant Physiol. 144:562-568.

Tretyn,A., R.E.Kendrick, S.Fujioka and A.Sakurai 1996. Cytochemical and histochemical characterization of cotyledonary bodies from Pharbitis nil seedlings. Protoplasma 191(3-4): 205-214

Ueno,E. and M.Shinozaki 1999. Effects of the inhibitors of biosynthesis and degradation of catecholamines on photoperiodic induction of flowering in Pharbitis nil. J. Plant Physiol. 155: 332-337.

Vince-Prue,D. and J.Gressel. 1985. Pharbitis nil. in: ed. A.H.Halevy, CRC handbook of flowering, CRC Press, Boca Reton, Florida. pp. 47-81.

Wada,K., K.Okada and H.Terao. 1989. Flowering response of Pharbitis nil sedlings in water culture: The relation between medium dilution and timing mechanism. Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 23:59-64.

Wada,K. and Y.Shinozaki. 1985. Flowering response in relation to C and N contents of Pharbitis nil plants cultured in nitrogen-poor media. Plant Cell Physiol. 26: 525-536.

Wada,N., M.Shinozaki and H.Iwamura. 1994. Flower induction by polyamines and related compounds in seedlings of morning glory (Pharbitis nil cv. Kidachi). Plant Cell Physiol. 35:469-472.

Wijayanti,L., S.Fujioka, M.Kobayashi and A.Sakurai. 1996. Effect of uniconazole and gibberellin on the flowering of Pharbitis nil. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 60:852-855.

Wijayanti L. Fujioka S. Kobayashi M. Sakurai A. 1997. Involvement of abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid in the flowering of Pharbitis nil. J. Plant Growth Regul. 16:115-119.

Wijayanti,L., M.Kobayashi, S.Fujioka, K.Yoshizawa and A.Sakurai 1995. Identification and quantification of abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellins in phloem exudates of Pharbitis nil. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 59:1533-1535.

Wijayanti L. Kobayashi M. Fujioka S. Sakurai A. 1997. Gibberellin transport from the cotyledon to plumule in the flowering of Pharbitis nil. Biosci. Biotech. Biochemi 61:1384-1385.

Xue,G.X. and H.Greppin. 1994. Interaction by gaseous way and flowering. Archives des Science 47:267-272.

Yamazaki,K., Y.Ishii, Y.Kamuro, I.Tanaka 2000. The effect of quality and intensity of light on the flower-bud formation in morning glory (Pharbitis nil Choisy). Environment Control in Biology 38: 39-46.

Yoshizaki,M., T.Furumoto, S.Hata, M.Shinozaki and K.Izui 2000a. cDNA cloning and expression analysis of a non-photosynthetic ferredoxin gene in morning glory (Pharbitis nil). Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1491: 273-278.

Yoshizaki,M., T.Furumoto, S.Hata, M.Shinozaki and K.Izui 2000b. Characterization of a novel gene encoding a phytocyanin-related protein in morning glory (Pharbitis nil). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 268: 466-470.

Zheng,C.C., A.Q.Bui and S.D.O'Neill. 1993. Abundance of an mRNA encoding a high mobility group DNA-binding protein is regulated by light and an endogenous rhythm. Plant Molecular Biol. 23:813-823.

No reproduction allowed without permission